Continuous Thermal Monitoring (CTM): Shifting from Periodic Scans to 24/7 Telemetry
Why IEEE Std 2969-2025 and CIGRE Technical Brochure 999 recommend permanent contact sensors over handheld infrared surveys to eliminate inspection blindspots.
Continuous thermal monitoring (CTM) for critical electrical connections: busbars, cable terminations, MV switchgear, substations, and 110–500 kV lines. Self-powered from load current ≥ 1 A, wireless telemetry, zero dielectric compromise.
Type-tested at 500 kV, partial discharge 8.7 pC
Battery-free — self-powered from conductor current
Sensors managed per gateway concentrator
Continuous thermal monitoring & automated CTM alerts
The VTI-TS sensor family (previously designated TBR22) harvests operating energy directly from the magnetic field of the monitored conductor: 100% battery-free, zero auxiliary supply, eliminating all battery maintenance costs and risks.
Engineered for busbar bolted joints, disconnector contacts, and cable terminations in MV/HV switchgear. Harvests energy directly from conductor load current, eliminating batteries and maintenance costs.
* Safety protocol: Install during scheduled outages when circuits are de-energized, grounded, and verified zero voltage.
Engineered for 110–500 kV outdoor transmission and distribution lines. Sub-GHz LoRa connectivity for obstacle penetration, UV-resistant weatherproof enclosure, and adaptive reporting rate based on thermal gradient.
* High-voltage tested up to 500 kV at HVLAB, verified partial discharge 8.7 pC (< 10 pC).
Ultra-compact form factor (32.5 × 31.5 × 14.4 mm, 35 g), engineered for narrow busbars, breaker contacts, and restricted clearances in MV/LV switchboards. Available in 3 specialized models:
* Supports flexible mounting via alloy clamp strap for busbars/cables or built-in neodymium magnetic base.
| Technical Criteria | VTI-TS-22 (Yellow) | VTI-TS-26 (Red) | TBR-22 (Compact) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary Application Key Difference | Busbar bolted joints, disconnector contacts, cable lugs in MV switchgear (indoor & GIS/RMU) | Overhead transmission and distribution lines 110–500 kV | |
| Wireless Protocol & Range Key Difference | BLE 2.4 GHz, ~100 m line-of-sight | Sub-GHz LoRa, up to 3 km line-of-sight | |
| Environment & Enclosure Key Difference | Indoor MV/LV switchgear, GIS & RMU cubicles | IP-rated weatherproof outdoor enclosure, UV radiation resistant | |
| Self-Powering Load Current | ≥ 1 A (100% battery-free, zero maintenance) | ≥ 1 A (100% battery-free, zero maintenance) | |
| Contact Temperature Range | −40 °C to +125 °C | −40 °C to +125 °C | |
| Measurement Accuracy | ±0.2 °C (in −10…+65 °C range) | ±0.2 °C (in −10…+65 °C range) | |
| High-Voltage Insulation Testing | 500 kV verified at HVLAB (PD 8.7 pC) | 500 kV verified at HVLAB (PD 8.7 pC) | |
| Lightning Impulse Withstand | −1500 kV | −1500 kV | |
| Installation Safety Protocol | Install during scheduled outages: de-energized, grounded & tested zero voltage | Install during scheduled outages: de-energized, grounded & tested zero voltage |
Detailed specifications confirmed according to official datasheets. Request Full Technical Datasheet →
In addition to VTI-TS and TBR22 wireless sensors, VTI engineers, supplies, and integrates specialized high-voltage condition monitoring instruments on a single centralized software and SCADA interface.
Immune to ultra-high electric and magnetic fields inside transformer oil. Directly measures hot-spot temperatures of HV windings (WTI) and monitors dissolved fault gases (DGA) in transformer oil.
Specialized continuous condition-based monitoring (CBM) solutions for power transformers, high-voltage bushings, circuit breakers, and MV switchgear.
Ultra-low-power wireless sensors monitoring rotating machinery vibration and non-destructive ultrasonic corrosion wall-thickness telemetry.
High-precision instrumentation originating from Canada & USA with full manufacturer quality certifications.
VTI application engineers provide on-site technical support and substation commissioning.
Protocol standardization via IEC 60870-5-104, Modbus TCP, and MQTT over TLS to the dispatch center.
International standard warranty and lifetime engineering support commitment.
Installed during scheduled outages: de-energized, grounded, and verified zero voltage. Sensors clamp mechanically directly onto busbars or overhead conductors without penetrating insulation barriers, making installation exceptionally fast. Continuous 24/7 temperature telemetry is then received remotely with zero personnel risk near energized equipment.
Visualizing high-voltage apparatus, Holm/Arrhenius electrical contact degradation kinetics, and head-to-head benchmarking between periodic thermography vs. 24/7 continuous telemetry.
VTI delivers a complete turnkey telemetry chain: from magnetic energy harvesting on live conductors to wireless mesh transmission, concentrator forwarding, and automated SCADA alarms.
VTI-TS sensors clamp mechanically directly onto live busbars or overhead conductors. An integrated miniature CT harvests energy from the conductor magnetic field starting at 1 A load current to power both measurement and wireless telemetry (±0.2 °C accuracy from −10 to +65 °C) — completely eliminating batteries and auxiliary wiring.
Temperature data is digitized and transmitted across industrial wireless links engineered to eliminate electromagnetic interference in high and ultra-high voltage fields up to 500 kV. Options include 2.4 GHz BLE (~100 m range) for indoor switchgear/RMU cubicles or Sub-GHz LoRa (up to 3 km range) for outdoor overhead line corridors.
The VTI Gateway GW22 (or dual-band GW22-D) concurrently receives signals from over 1,000 point sensors across the entire substation. It pre-processes, validates data integrity, and securely forwards telemetry to the central operational server or substation communication gateway.
Centralized monitoring software visualizes single-line diagrams, automatically computes load-correlated thermal trends (CBM/RBM), triggers multi-channel alerts via SMS, email, and interlock alarms, and streams real-time data directly into utility SCADA/EMS dispatch before hotspots escalate into outages.
Aggregates over 1,000 sensors simultaneously and forwards data to monitoring servers; GW22-D features dual-band BLE + LoRa.
Browser-based dashboard with zero licensing limits on sensors per substation or fleet-wide substations. Flexible alarm rules and historical trend analytics.
Optical fiber DTS provides continuous 24/7 temperature profiles along entire underground cable circuits — identifying hotspots and calculating Real-Time Thermal Rating (RTTR).
* IEC 61850 compatibility on engineering roadmap. Data securely hosted on enterprise-grade infrastructure.
From a single MV switchgear cubicle to fleet-wide substations and 500 kV transmission corridors, VTI safeguards every thermal risk point — where loose joints or overloaded conductors could trigger severe outages.
Continuous 24/7 monitoring of breaker tulip contacts, busbar bolted joints, and cable terminations in MV/LV switchgear to identify contact oxidation before catastrophic arc flash occurs.
✓ Zero wiring across insulation barriers · 100% battery-free · Early warning on local display & SCADA.
Explore IEEE 2969 CTM Switchgear Guide
Online continuous temperature monitoring for unmanned substations, transformer bushings, disconnectors, and outdoor busbars — unlimited sensors per station or fleet-wide stations.
✓ Verified −1500 kV lightning impulse withstand · PD 8.7 pC at 500 kV · Field-proven at EVNNPC & EVNHANOI.
View Substation Projects & Field Results
Detects hotspots at compression splices, dead-end clamps, and jumpers on 110–500 kV lines, enhancing dynamic line rating (DLR) and preventing conductor drop failures.
✓ UV-resistant IP weatherproof enclosure · Aeolian vibration resistant · Energy harvesting from conductor current ≥ 1 A.
Explore TS-26 Transmission Line Sensor
Continuous thermal monitoring for power generation facilities, heavy industries (steel, cement, chemicals), and mission-critical data center power rooms where outages cause massive downtime losses.
✓ Uncovers hotspots hidden behind silicone boots that handheld thermography misses · 24/7 continuous surveillance independent of inspection schedules.
Consult on Industrial Applications
Permanently installed 24/7 contact temperature sensors replacing periodic infrared surveys under IEEE Std 2969-2025 and CIGRE TB 999, eliminating arc-flash inspection hazards and inspection blindspots.
✓ Self-powered from ≥ 1 A load current · 100% battery-free · 500 kV dielectric verified · Real-time SCADA/DMS data.
View Field Case Studies (EVN)
Continuous trend analytics enabling Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM) and Risk-Based Maintenance (RBM), replacing calendar-based outages with condition-driven intervention based on load-correlated contact temperatures.
✓ Eliminates unnecessary scheduled outages · Extends critical asset lifespan · Minimizes catastrophic unplanned downtime risk.
Explore CBM & RBM Engineering FrameworkField-verified deployments of VTI battery-free wireless IoT sensors on EVN grids mapped against IEEE 2969 & CIGRE TB 999.
110 kV Substation · EVNNPC
At 110 kV Hoi Hop substation, the 110 kV bushing terminals of 63 MVA transformer T2 ran above the middle phase during peak load due to copper-aluminum joint degradation. VTI sensors flagged the hotspot before dielectric flashover occurred.
Read EVNNPC Technical Report
22/0.4 kV Substation · EVNNPC
At Ao Hai substation, phase C of branch MCCB 2 ran abnormally hot compared to phases A and B. Automated alerts prompted scheduled maintenance; terminal contacts were re-crimped with verified thermal normalization.
Read EVNNPC Technical Report
22 kV Substation · EVNHANOI
At Thach Ban 16 substation, a cable termination ran above 70 °C concealed under an insulating silicone boot. External infrared surveys missed it; VTI contact probe beneath the boot flagged it immediately.
View Project DeploymentsOvercomes the fundamental limitations of battery-powered sensors and periodic handheld infrared thermography.
Zero batteries to degrade or periodically replace. Harvests energy directly from conductor electromagnetic fields for lifelong continuous operation.
Hardened electronics and RF antennas designed for severe electromagnetic environments; verified 8.7 pC partial discharge at 500 kV and −1500 kV BIL lightning impulse at HVLAB.
Fast mechanical clamp-on during scheduled outages with zero wiring across insulation barriers. Enables permanent remote telemetry with zero personnel exposure to live equipment.
Engineered and manufactured domestically in Vietnam. High-security telemetry architecture protects critical national power infrastructure; dedicated 24/7 direct factory engineering support.
Engineering analyses, predictive maintenance best practices, and international safety standards from VTI application engineers.
Why IEEE Std 2969-2025 and CIGRE Technical Brochure 999 recommend permanent contact sensors over handheld infrared surveys to eliminate inspection blindspots.
Comprehensive guide on utilizing real-time delta-T temperature data to transition from scheduled time-based maintenance to condition-based asset optimization.
Comprehensive deployment analysis for sensor placement across busbars, disconnectors, breaker tulip contacts, and cable terminations complying with NFPA 70B standards.
Our engineering team is ready to evaluate your substation layout, switchgear cubicle counts, or transmission pylon clearances to design an optimal CTM telemetry network.
Discover our comprehensive power grid digitalization ecosystem, enterprise technologies, and turnkey utility projects:
https://viettechinvest.vn/Submit your monitoring requirements below — a VTI specialist will provide pricing and engineering documentation within 2–4 business hours.